Discover the 15 Most Impressive Medieval Castles in Spain

Spain is a country with an unparalleled historical richness, and its medieval castles are witnesses to centuries of history, battles, and royalty. From imposing fortresses atop mountains to perfectly preserved castle-palaces, each tells a fascinating story. If you are a history lover or simply looking for a getaway to magical places, discover our selection of the 10 most impressive medieval castles in Spain.

full gallery of Sant Mori Castle

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Traditions and festivities in medieval castles

Many of these castles are not only silent witnesses to the past, but also vibrant settings for popular celebrations throughout the year. For example, Javier Castle in Navarra comes to life every March during the traditional Javieradas, when thousands of pilgrims walk for miles to pay tribute to Saint Francis Xavier, the patron saint of the region.

But the festivities do not end there: from historical reenactments to medieval fairs and open-air concerts, it is common for castles to host cultural events that transport visitors to other eras. Whether taking part in a large pilgrimage or enjoying a craft market within centuries-old walls, the experience is always memorable and full of life.

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Photo by: Toni Vilches

Sant Mori Castle

Catalonia

Located in the heart of Empordà, this medieval castle has witnessed key historical events. It was the residence of Queen Juana Enríquez and today is an exclusive charming accommodation.

Photo by: Francisco Javier

Burgalimar Castle

Jaén

Why is Burgalimar Castle so relevant in the province of Jaén? Not only because of its imposing appearance—although its robust walls and the silhouette of an impregnable fortress certainly command respect—but also because of what it represents in the region’s history. Built in the 10th century during the Umayyad period, it is one of the oldest and best-preserved castles in Europe.

Its significance lies in its strategic location in Baños de la Encina, an enclave historically contested between Christian and Muslim kingdoms. The architecture of Burgalimar Castle, with its battlements, massive towers, and remarkably intact walled enclosure, transports us directly to the era of great medieval feats.

Today, exploring Burgalimar Castle is a journey through the centuries and an opportunity to understand how Jaén came to be the province with the highest number of castles in Spain. A true must-see for lovers of history and military architecture.

Photo by: Joan / Flickr.com

Coca Castle

Segovia

Considered a unique jewel of Gothic–Mudéjar architecture, Coca Castle impresses with its imposing brick structure and ornamental details that set it apart from other fortresses. Unlike most medieval castles, it does not rise atop a hill, but instead blends into the flat landscape of the province of Segovia, giving it an even more striking presence.

Its walls feature elaborate geometric motifs rooted in the Mudéjar tradition, while the towers, moats, and passageways display an exceptional combination of defensive engineering and stylistic refinement. Declared a National Monument, this 15th-century castle invites visitors to step back in time and discover a fascinating chapter of Spain’s history.

Photo by: Fogar Mozárabe

Ponferrada Castle

León

Located along the Camino de Santiago, Ponferrada Castle is one of the most emblematic Templar fortresses in Spain. Its origins date back to an ancient Celtic settlement, but it was during the 12th century, under the Order of the Temple, that the castle acquired its imposing presence and strong defensive character.

Walking along its walls and crossing its deep moat is like stepping into legends of knights and crusades. Its robust towers, battlements, and secret passageways reflect both the architectural skill and the aura of mystery that surround the Templars. After the dissolution of the Order, the castle was expanded and renovated over the centuries, giving rise to a monumental complex that has preserved its medieval essence and its atmosphere of an impregnable fortress.

Photo by: Julina

Javier Castle

Navarre

Nestled in the heart of Navarra, Javier Castle stands out not only for its imposing medieval silhouette, but also for being the birthplace of Saint Francis Xavier, the patron saint of the region. This 10th-century fortress, officially listed as a Site of Cultural Interest, witnessed the life of one of the world’s most renowned missionaries, whose legacy has deeply shaped Navarrese history and devotion.

Every March, the castle comes alive with the traditional Javieradas, a massive pilgrimage that brings together thousands of people from all over to honor the saint. Outside these dates, strolling along its walls and discovering its legends is a journey into Navarra’s deepest past, where faith, history, and architecture come together in a setting as picturesque as it is unique.

Photo by: Ángel Sanz de Andrés

Alcázar of Segovia

Castile and León

With its iconic fairytale silhouette, the Alcázar of Segovia is one of the most impressive fortresses in Spain. It inspired the Disney castle and is famous for its spectacular view over the city.

Photo by: Francisco Martínez Arias

Monzón Castle

Aragon

Located in the province of Huesca, Monzón Castle is much more than a fortress—it is a privileged witness to the history of Aragon. Its earliest walls date back to the Andalusi period, but its true splendor came when the Order of the Temple took control during the Middle Ages. Under their rule, the castle was transformed into a strategic stronghold and one of the most important Templar seats on the Iberian Peninsula.

Here, the Templar knights not only strengthened the defenses but also left a profound cultural and architectural legacy. In fact, exhibitions can still be found within its halls that recount the fascinating relationship between Monzón and the legendary Order. Beyond its Templar past, the fortress also hosted important sessions of the historic Courts of Aragon, cementing its status as one of the most emblematic monuments of Upper Aragon.

Photo by: Luis Filpo Cabana

Belmonte Castle

Cuenca

Built in the 15th century, this Gothic-Mudéjar castle is one of the best preserved in Spain. Its towers and walls have been the setting for films and historical events.

Photo by: GS3

Peñafiel Castle

Valladolid

Located on top of a hill, this boat-shaped castle dominates the Duero valley. Inside, it houses the Provincial Wine Museum, combining history and wine tourism.

Photo by: Jorab

Olite Castle

Navarre

Residence of the Kings of Navarre in the Middle Ages, this castle stands out for its elegant Gothic architecture and its hanging gardens. It is one of the most visited in northern Spain.

Discover how to experience staying in a medieval castle

Surrounded by stunning landscapes and with easy access from Barcelona and Girona, Sant Mori Castle offers the perfect combination of history, exclusivity, and comfort.

Photo by: Ecelan

Loarre Castle

Huesca

Considered one of the best-preserved Romanesque fortresses in Europe, this castle served as a defensive bastion in the time of the Reconquista and offers panoramic views of the Aragonese Pyrenees.

Photo by: Phillip Capper

Almodóvar Del Río Castle

Córdoba

Fortress of Arab origin from the 8th century, located on a hill overlooking the Guadalquivir River. It has been the setting for the series “Game of Thrones”, which has increased its popularity.

Photo by: Kent Wang

Manzanares El Real Castle

Madrid

One of the best-preserved castles in the Community of Madrid. Its imposing stone structure and its location next to the Santillana reservoir make it a fascinating place.

Photo by: Fernando

Castillo De La Mota

Valladolid

Medieval brick fortress with an impressive defensive system. It was used by the Catholic Monarchs and stands out for its great keep.

Photo by: Isidre blanc

Cardona Castle

Catalonia

One of the most impressive medieval castles in Catalonia. Its Minyona tower and its 9th-century fortress are testimonies of its importance in Catalan history.

Frequently Asked Questions

Which Country Has the most Medieval Castles in the World?

Germany has the largest number of preserved medieval castles, with more than 20,000 structures, many of them located along the Rhine Valley and Bavaria.

Where Were Medieval Castles Usually Located?

Medieval castles were built on hills, mountains, or near rivers for better defense and access to natural resources. They were also located on strategic trade routes.

How many Medieval Castles are there in Spain?

It is estimated that there are more than 2,500 medieval castles in Spain, although many have been restored or converted into hotels and museums.

Which Province in Spain Has the most Castles?

The province of Jaén, in Andalusia, has the most castles and fortresses in Spain. Its strategic location at the time of the Reconquista meant that numerous fortifications were built.

Who Lives in a Medieval Castle?

In the Middle Ages, castles were home to nobles, kings, and feudal lords, as well as their servants, soldiers, and court staff. They also served as centers of government and defense.

What should a Medieval Castle Have?

Medieval castles usually had a keep (lord’s residence), defensive walls, moat, battlements, interior courtyards, and, in some cases, churches or dungeons.

Are Guided Tours Available in the Medieval Castles of Spain?

Yes, many medieval castles in Spain offer guided tours, where experts explain the history, architecture, and curiosities of each fortress. Some even organize historical reenactments to immerse visitors in the medieval era.